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McDonald Farm (Xenia, Ohio)
The McDonald Farm is a historic agricultural complex near the city of Xenia in Greene County, Ohio, United States. It has been named a historic site, largely because of a quarry on the farm, which supplied stone for the Washington Monument.
==Geology==
Much of Greene County is underlain by Dayton Limestone, a high-quality limestone whose type locality is in the city of Dayton in the adjacent Montgomery County. Farmers in Greene County supplied building stone for local needs through much of the nineteenth century, and by the late 1870s it was being exported to distant localities by the Dayton and Xenia Railroad.〔Dills, R.S. ''(History of Greene County, Together with Historic Notes on the Northwest, and the State of Ohio )''. Dayton: Odell and Mayer, 1881.〕 Wilford McDonald, who lived about south of Xenia,〔 began quarrying limestone from his farm around 1820,〔"(Ohio Historical Marker Dedicated at McDonald Quarry, Greene County )". ''Ohio Geology'' Summer 1996: 7. Accessed 2013-01-01.〕 after it was exposed by erosion from a nearby small stream. Quarrying revealed limestone deposits as deep as in some places, much of it smoothed by glacial abrasion. The reputation of McDonald's quarry became more prominent than any other source of Greene County limestone;〔 before concrete became prominent as a building material, McDonald supplied substantial amounts of limestone for Xenia buildings, and some of his stone was transported to farther localities.〔Broadstone, Michael A. ''(History of Greene County, Ohio: Its People, Industries, and Institutions )''. Vol. 1. Indianapolis: Bowen, 1918, 66.〕 Eventually, McDonald became known as the supplier of one of Ohio's best limestones. Quarrying continued until 1896, when the stream by the quarry flooded it, although a small amount of stone was quarried in the 1930s. Today, the quarry remains filled with water.〔
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